Method and system for displaying recommended content such as movies associated with a cluster

ABSTRACT

A method and system for recommending content includes a user device having a memory storing a taxonomy table having content cluster identifiers therein. The user device receives an external recommendations list for the content cluster at the user device. The recommendations list has a plurality of content identifiers each having one content cluster identifier. A viewer tracking module generates a viewed content history for content relative to the content clusters identifiers that correspond to viewed content at the user device. A recommendation module generates an internal recommendations list by comparing the external recommendations list to the viewed content history at the user device. The internal recommendation list also presents recommendations capturing the distinct user tastes in a family viewing device. A display displays the internal recommendations list, with section headers of different granularity describing the nature of the recommended content at cluster, sub-genre and genre levels.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to providing recommendationsfor content users, and, more specifically, to a method and system forcontent associated with a cluster.

BACKGROUND

The statements in this section merely provide background informationrelated to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

Television programming content providers are increasingly providing awide variety of content to consumers. Available content is typicallydisplayed to the user using a grid guide. The grid guide typicallyincludes channels and timeslots as well as programming information foreach information timeslot. The programming information may include thecontent title and other identifiers such as actor information and thelike.

Because the number of channels is so great, all of the channels cannotbe simultaneously displayed on the screen display. A user can scroll upand down and sideways to see various portions of the program guide fordifferent times and channels. Because of the large number of contenttitles, timeslots and channels, it is often difficult to decide on aprogram selection to view.

In a typical content providing system, a user must preschedule contentto be recorded within a user device. If the content is broadcastedwithout the user scheduling a recording, the content may forever beunavailable to the user.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides a system and method for generatingrecommendations that is particularly suited for movie recommendation butmay also be applied to other.

In one aspect of the disclosure a method includes receiving a taxonomytable at a user device having content cluster identifiers therein,receiving an external recommendations list for the content cluster atthe user device. The external recommendations list comprises a pluralityof content identifiers each having one or more content clusteridentifiers. The method further includes generating a viewed contenthistory for content relative to the content clusters identifierscorresponding to viewed content at the user device, generating aninternal recommendations list by comparing the external recommendationslist to the viewed content history at the user device and displaying theinternal recommendations list on a display associated with the userdevice.

In another aspect of the disclosure, a method includes classifyingcontents into clusters based on multiple dimensional content attributes,generating a taxonomy table of multiple levels of genre, sub-genre andclusters at a head end having content cluster identifiers therein,assigning one content cluster identifier to each of the contentidentifiers, communicating the taxonomy table to a user device,communicating an external recommendations list for the content clusteridentifiers to the user device, generating a viewed content history forcontent relative to the content clusters corresponding to viewed contentat the user device, generating an internal recommendations list bycomparing the external recommendations list to the viewed contenthistory at the user device and displaying the internal recommendationslist on a display associated with the user device.

In yet another aspect of the disclosure, a user device includes a memorystoring a taxonomy table having content cluster identifiers therein andan external recommendations list for the content cluster at the userdevice. The recommendations list has a plurality of content identifierseach having one content cluster identifier. A viewer tracking modulegenerates a viewed content history for content relative to the contentcluster identifiers that correspond to viewed content at the userdevice. A recommendation module generates an internal recommendationslist by comparing the external recommendations list to the view contenthistory at the user device. A display displays the internalrecommendations list.

In yet another aspect of the disclosure, a method includes generating aviewed content history for content corresponding to viewed content at auser device, comparing the viewed content history and push content,storing at least one push content at the user device in response tocomparing to form a recorded push content list, and displaying therecorded push content list corresponding to the push content stored inthe user device on a display associated with the user device.

In another aspect of the disclosure, a user device and a viewer trackingmodule generating a viewed content history for content corresponding toviewed content at the user device. A recommendation recording modulecompares the viewed content history and push content and stores at leastone push content at the user device in response comparing to form arecorded content push list. A display displays the recorded content pushlist corresponding to the content stored in the user device.

Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the descriptionprovided herein. It should be understood that the description andspecific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and arenot intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and arenot intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way.

FIG. 1 is a high level block diagrammatic view of a recommendationsystem according to the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a block diagrammatic view of the user device of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a detailed block diagrammatic view of the recommendationauthoring system.

FIG. 4 is a plan view representation of a taxonomy tree.

FIG. 5 is a detailed block diagrammatic view of the viewing trackermodule in communication with the recommendation module.

FIG. 6A is a flow chart of a high level method for operating the headend.

FIG. 6B is an example of a taxonomy tree formed in FIG. 6A.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method for operating the recommendationauthoring system and creating or changing taxonomy tables.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a high level method for operating a set topbox and displaying sorted local recommendations.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method for generating histograms.

FIG. 10 is a table illustrating watched movies.

FIG. 11 is a table illustrating default count for various clusteridentifiers.

FIG. 12 is an example of a histogram.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart of a method for generating recommended movielists.

FIG. 14 is a flow chart for getting movies for a movie cluster.

FIG. 15 is a flow chart of a method for handling leftover recommendedmovies for a genre/sub-genre or movie type.

FIG. 16 is a flow chart of a method for handling final genre leftoverrecommended movies.

FIG. 17 is a movie cluster table for a second example in the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 18 is a table of movie watch counts for the second example.

FIG. 19 is an illustration of a taxonomy tree used in the secondexample.

FIG. 20 is a table providing a list of internal recommendations formedaccording to the second example described above.

FIG. 21 is a screen display of a user interface for interacting withrecommended movies.

FIG. 22 is a flow chart of a method for recording push or carouseledcontent.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is notintended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. Forpurposes of clarity, the same reference numbers will be used in thedrawings to identify similar elements. As used herein, the term modulerefers to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), anelectronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) and memorythat execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinationallogic circuit, and/or other suitable components that provide thedescribed functionality. As used herein, the phrase at least one of A,B, and C should be construed to mean a logical (A or B or C), using anon-exclusive logical OR. It should be understood that steps within amethod may be executed in different order without altering theprinciples of the present disclosure.

The teachings of the present disclosure can be implemented in a systemfor communicating content to an end user or user device. Both the datasource and the user device may be formed using a general computingdevice having a memory or other data storage for incoming and outgoingdata. The memory may comprise but is not limited to a hard drive, FLASH,RAM, PROM, EEPROM, ROM phase-change memory or other discrete memorycomponents.

Each general purpose computing device may be implemented in analogcircuitry, digital circuitry or combinations thereof. Further, thecomputing device may include a microprocessor or microcontroller thatperforms instructions to carry out the steps performed by the varioussystem components.

A content or service provider is also described. A content or serviceprovider is a provider of data to the end user. The service provider,for example, may provide data corresponding to the content such asmetadata as well as the actual content in a data stream or signal. Thecontent or service provider may include a general purpose computingdevice, communication components, network interfaces and otherassociated circuitry to allow communication with various other devicesin the system.

Further, while the following disclosure is made with respect to thedelivery of video (e.g., television (TV), movies, music videos, etc.),it should be understood that the systems and methods disclosed hereincould also be used for delivery of any media content type, for example,audio, music, data files, web pages, advertising, etc. Additionally,throughout this disclosure reference is made to data, content,information, programs, movie trailers, movies, advertising, assets,video data, etc., however, it will be readily apparent to persons ofordinary skill in the art that these terms are substantially equivalentin reference to the example systems and/or methods disclosed herein. Asused herein, the content will be used to refer to, for example, a movieor program itself. Content identifier refers to the data associated withcontent used for identifying the content. Machines may use an actualnumeric or alphanumeric value unique to the content. People may use atitle for identification. Both types and other types of data may beassociated with the content for association. For program guides andrecommendations list content identifiers, a cluster identifier and otherdata may also be provided with the content.

While the following disclosure is made with respect to example DIRECTV®broadcast services and systems, it should be understood that many otherdelivery systems are readily applicable to disclosed systems andmethods. Such systems include wireless terrestrial distribution systems,wired or cable distribution systems, cable television distributionsystems, Ultra High Frequency (UHF)/Very High Frequency (VHF) radiofrequency systems or other terrestrial broadcast systems (e.g.,Multi-channel Multi-point Distribution System (MMDS), Local Multi-pointDistribution System (LMDS), etc.), Internet-based distribution systems,cellular distribution systems, power-line broadcast systems, anypoint-to-point and/or multicast Internet Protocol (IP) delivery network,and fiber optic networks. Further, the different functions collectivelyallocated among a service provider and integrated receiver/decoders(IRDS) as described below can be reallocated as desired withoutdeparting from the intended scope of the present patent.

In the following examples, recommendations of titles of various programsare provided. The content recommendations may provide a title eithergraphically or alpha-numerically or a combination of both. Graphically,content posters or thumbnails may be provided. Several lists aregenerated, sorted and processed herein. The lists may include content orprogram titles or one or more alphanumeric identifiers or both. The listmay not contain the actual content itself.

A movie cluster is a movie group that has similar characteristics. Movieclusters may be formed at the genre level, sub-genre level or type ofmovie within the sub-genre level. The type is subordinate to thesub-genre. The sub-genre is subordinate to the genre. In the followingexample, at least one cluster identifier may be assigned to eachcontent. Cluster identifiers may have multiple contents assignedthereto.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a satellite television broadcasting system 10is illustrated. The satellite television broadcast system 10 includes ahead end 12 that generates wireless signals 13 through an antenna 14which are received by an antenna 16 of a satellite 18. The wirelesssignals 13, for example, may be digital. The wireless signals 13 may bereferred to as an uplink signal. A transmitting antenna 20 generatesdownlink signals that are directed to various receiving systemsincluding stationary systems such as those in the home, as well as,mobile receiving systems. As is illustrated the receiving systems arereferred to as a set top box or user device 22. Each user device 22 isin communication with a respective antenna 24. Each antenna 24 receivesdownlink signals 26 from the transmitting antenna 20 of the satellite18. Each user device 22 may also be referred to as satellite televisionreceiving devices or when applied to a cable system as a televisionreceiving device.

The head end 12 may communicate various content 30 or program guide data32 through the satellite 18. The user device 22 may receive the content30 and program guide data from program guide system 32 for use therein.

The head end 12 may also include a recommendation authoring system 34for performing various functions resulting in communicating externalrecommendations to the user devices. The recommendation authoring system34 builds clusters based on multiple dimensional content attributes suchas genres, moods, tones, themes, keywords, movie types, audience types,actors and directors using clustering techniques, such as K-meansclustering. The recommendation authoring system 34 assigns movies tomovie clusters. That is, each movie is assigned at least one moviecluster identifier which associates similar movies. The clustering ofsimilar movies may also include human expert curation. Therecommendation authoring system 34 also creates a taxonomy tree and anexternal recommendations list that are both ultimately communicated toeach of the user devices. The taxonomy tree is an organization of themovie clusters into multiple levels of genre, sub-genre and clusters.The taxonomy tree may be changed from time-to-time, resulting in adifferent organization of the external and internal recommendationslist. The external recommendations list may include recommended contenttitles such as movie titles and the movie cluster identifier. Within theexternal recommendation list, the recommendation content are sorted andgrouped under each cluster. The recommended content refers to contenttitles for the specific programming. Various types of programs andmovies may be recommended. However, in the present example, movies areused. The recommended contents for each cluster may be based manycriteria, including popularity, movie critic and/or viewer rankings, boxoffice, expert opinions, availability, recent releases, etc. Theexternal recommendations list may also include other types of metadatasuch as the channel, actors, parental ratings, review rating, the startand end times, the date and information as to whether the content willbe broadcasted at a different time. In the present example, the externalrecommendations list is the same for each user device 22. Although, itis possible to generate variations of the external recommendations listbased on some broad distinguishing categories and communicate thevariations to different devices. For example, satellite receivers mayreceive an external recommendations list comprising content that isavailable via satellite, while satellite receivers with broadbandconnection may receive a different external recommendations listcomprising satellite content as well as content available viavideo-on-demand broadband download. As will be described below theexternal recommendations list may be communicated to and modified by theuser devices 22.

The recommendation authoring system 34 may be a combination of automatedand operator controlled systems. The recommendation authoring system 34may receive data from various sources including external sources 35 andinternal sources 37 available from within the head end. The externalsources 35 may, for example, be provided from one or more movie experts,or from TMS®, Rovi®, IMDB®, Flixster®, Rotten Tomatoes®, Nielsen®ratings, Blue Fin®, or other external sources. An example of internalsources is “What's Hot” which is a list of the most watched and talkedabout programming available from the system provider associated with thehead end 12. The internal sources 37 may also be modified according tovarious marketing experts within the head end 12. The compilation ofdata from the external sources and internal sources may be performed toobtain the external recommendations list.

The recommendation authoring system 34 may change the content of theexternal recommendations list, converted into a data file or files in abinary format for communication to the user devices. The binary formatdata file may be included in a payload object and communicated to thevarious user devices. This process will be described in more detailbelow.

The user devices 22 may be in communication with the head end 12 througha network 36. The network 36 may be one type of network or multipletypes of networks. The network 36 may, for example, be a public switchedtelephone network, the internet, WiMax, a mobile or cellular telephonenetwork or other type of network.

User devices 22 illustrated in FIG. 1 may be interconnected within ahousehold, multi-dwelling unit or commercial building. User devices 22may be interconnected through a local network (not illustrated) such asa wireless network or a wired network. The interconnection of the userdevices 22 may allow for multi-room viewing of content as well ascoordinated content recording. That is, content stored on one set topbox may be communicated to another set top box through the network.

A mobile device 40 may also be incorporated in the system 10. The mobiledevice 40 may also be in communication through the network 36 to thehead end 12.

The network 36 may also be in communication with a home media center 50.The home media center 50 may be in communication with a plurality ofclient devices 52. The client devices 52 may be set top boxes or otherclients such as an RVU® client. Thus, the home media center 50 may haveone central storage device therein. The home media center 50 may be usedto distribute content, channels, programs and other data to each of theclient devices 52. The home media center 50 may also include an antenna24 for communicating with the satellite 18 in a similar manner to thatillustrated above with respect to the user devices 22.

A push scheduler 38 may also be incorporated into the head end 12. Thepush scheduler 38 may be in communication with the program guide module32. The push scheduler 38 may provide a schedule of content to be pushedto the set top boxes. Push content is content that is communicated tothe set top box without a specific user request. Push content may becommunicated directly from the head end to the user devices at varioustimes. Push content may also be communicated using carousels having aplurality of content titles associated therewith. The carouselscommunicate the content repeatedly to allow the user devices toultimately store the entire content. As will be described below, theuser devices may opt in to push content that is communicated based uponuser device viewing history. Push content may be stored within thenetwork partition 149 or may be stored without accounting in the userpartition 148. In either case, the available user capacity of the DVR146 may not be lowered. In other words, the push content may be storedbut if the user desires to store other content, the push content may bedeleted to make room.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a user device 22, such as a set top box (STB)is illustrated in further detail. Although, a particular configurationof the user device 22 is illustrated, it is merely representative ofvarious electronic devices with an internal controller used as a contentreceiving device. The antenna 24 may be one of a number of differenttypes of antennas that includes one or more low noise blocks. Theantenna 24 may be a single antenna 24 used for satellite televisionreception. The user device 22 may be coupled to a display 110. Thedisplay 110 may have an output driver 112 within the user device 22. Themobile device 40 may have an omni-directional antenna (not shown)coupled thereto.

A controller 114 may be a general processor such as a microprocessorthat cooperates with control software. The controller 114 may be used tocoordinate and control the various functions of the user device 22.These functions may include a tuner 120, a demodulator 122, a decoder124 such as a forward error correction decoder and any buffer or otherfunctions. The controller 114 may also be used to control the storing ofan external recommendations list within the memory of the controller,automatically storing recommended content, storing user requestedcontent in the memory, and comparing selections to already storedcontent.

The controller 114 may also include a viewer tracking module 116, arecommendation module 118 and a recommendation recording module 119. Theviewer tracking module 116 is used for tracking and logging viewingevents at the user device 22. Ultimately, the viewed content history maybe logged in a viewer tracking log as will be further described below.The viewer tracking module 116 may track at least the content watchedthrough a content identifier and a cluster identifier. As will bedescribed below, a histogram corresponding to the movie clusteridentifier may be generated at the user device 22. The recommendationmodule 118 may generate a list of available content (upcoming orcurrently available) such as movies that the user is likely to want towatch. The recommendations module 118 may receive the externalrecommendations list.

The controller 114 may also include a recommendation recording module119. The recommendation recording module 119 is used to control therecording of movies based on recommendations and whether there is asufficient amount of space available within the memory of the userdevice or if there is an available tuner. That is, if there issufficient space or limited space, recording may be reduced oreliminated. The efficient use of memory space for recordingrecommendations is described further below. The recommendation recordingmodule pre-records content prior to a request from the user and displaysthe movies in an appealing user interface. In this manner, content canbe provided instantly to a user while providing a convenient userinterface for access.

The tuner 120 receives the signal or data for the individual channel.The tuner 120 may receive television programming content, program guidedata or other types of data. The demodulator 122 demodulates the signalor data to form a demodulated signal or data. The decoder 124 decodesthe demodulated signal to form decoded data or a decoded signal. Thecontroller 114 may be similar to that found in current DIRECTV® set topboxes which uses a chip-based multifunctional controller. Although onlyone tuner 120, one demodulator 122 and one decoder 124 are illustrated,multiple tuners, demodulators and decoders may be provided within asingle user device 22.

The controller 114 is in communication with a memory 130. The memory 130is illustrated as a single box with multiple boxes therein. The memory130 may actually be a plurality of different types of memory includingthe hard drive, a flash drive and various other types of memory. Thedifferent boxes represented in the memory 130 may be other types ofmemory or sections of different types of memory. The memory 130 may benon-volatile memory or volatile memory.

The memory 130 may include storage for various operational datacollected during operation of the user device 22. One type of datastorage includes the viewer tracking log 132 obtained and controlled bythe viewer tracking module 116. The viewer tracking log (VTL) 132includes viewer tracking log data that includes history data aboutcontent that have been watched or played back. The data of the VTL 132may be a history data file which may be in the form of a histogram.

Another type of memory 130 is the settings and the list information(SLI) memory 134. The SLI memory 134 may store various types of dataincluding set top box playlist data 136 that has the playlist forcontent saved within the user device 22. The playlist data containscontent visible to users and content currently non-visible to users.Another type of data is the “favorites” settings for the user device 22.The favorites may be stored in a favorites memory 138. Other types ofdata may also be included in the SLI memory 134 which is illustrated asan “other” data memory 140. Another type of data in the other datamemory 140 may include the channel subscription data, the blockedchannels, adult channels, parental rating limits set by the user device22, current set top box language, prioritizer data, TV resolution data,to do list data, the conditional access module identifier, and a requestidentifier. The request identifier may be generated at the Home MediaCenter 50 or user device 22 of FIG. 1 as is further described below.Further, time zone data, time of day daylight savings, status data,aspect ratio data, viewing hours data, quick tune list and a zip codemay all be included within the other memory 140 of the SLI memory 134.

The memory 130 may also include advanced program guide memory 144. Theadvanced program guide (APG) memory 144 may store program guide datathat is received within the system. The program guide data may storevarious amounts of data including two or more weeks worth of programguide data. The program guide data from the APG memory 144 may becommunicated in various manners including through the satellite 18 ofFIG. 1. The program guide data may include a content or programidentifiers, and various data objects corresponding thereto. The programguide may include program characteristics and a cluster identifier foreach program content. The program characteristic may include a moviecluster identifier, ratings, categories, actor, director, writer,content identifier and producer data. The data may also include variousother settings.

The memory 130 may also include a digital video recorder 146. Thedigital video recorder 146 may be a hard drive, flash drive, or othermemory device. A record of the content stored in the digital videorecorder is a playlist. The playlist may be stored in the DVR 146 or aseparate memory as illustrated.

The digital video recorder 146 may include a user partition 148 and anetwork partition 149. The network partition 149 is a portion of thememory used for storing various operating conditions, and to pushcontent that may be provided to the user. Typically the networkpartition part of the DVR memory 146 is relatively small compared to theuser partition 148. The user partition 148 is typically controlled bythe user. The user partition 148 is used for storing content requestedto be stored by the user. The digital video recorder 146 stores contentupon request by the users through various types of interfaces. Userrequests for recording may also be communicated from a remote system.The user partition 148 as will be described further below, may be usedfor storing content from the recommended recording list withoutinteraction or a specific request from the user. That is, content may beautomatically stored within the user partition 148 as determined by theinternal recommended recording list or by comparison of the viewinghistory with content being pushed to users. This content may have anextremely low priority and thus the user may overwrite the contentsautomatically stored within the memory.

The user device 22 may also include a user interface 150. The userinterface 150 may be various types of user interfaces such as akeyboard, a remote control or front panel with push buttons, a touchscreen, a voice activated interface or the like. The user interface 150may be used to select a channel, select various information, change thevolume, change the display appearance, or other functions. The userinterface 150 may also be used for selecting recommendation andproviding feedback for recommendations as will be described below. Theuser interface 150 may thus be used for generating a selection signal.

A network interface 152 may be included within the user device 22 tocommunicate various data through the network 36 illustrated above. Thenetwork interface 152 may be used for communication with WiFi, WiMax,WiMax mobile, wireless, cellular, or other types of communicationsystems. The network interface 152 may use various protocols forcommunication including, but not limited to, hypertext transfer protocol(HTTP).

The user device 22 may also include a timer 156 used for timing variousevents and keeping track of the local time. As described above, theviewer tracker module 116 may generate a history or histogram ofrecently watched content such as movies. The viewer tracking module 116may only provide a history for a predetermined time period before thepresent time. For example, the viewer tracking module 116 may provide ahistory or histogram of content viewed within the last six months orother predetermined time period.

Referring now to FIG. 3, the recommendation authoring system 34 of thehead end 12 is set forth in further detail. The recommendation authoringsystem 34 includes a movie cluster module 310 that categorizes allmovies into clusters. In this example, one and only one movie clusteridentifier is assigned to each movie. The movie cluster identifier maybe communicated using an extended program object or a field in theextended program object. Ultimately, the movie cluster identifiers arecommunicated using the extended program objects to all of the userdevices.

The recommendation authoring system 34 may also include a taxonomy treemodule 312. The taxonomy tree module 312 organizes the movie clusters.In the present example, three levels of nodes are provided in thetaxonomy tree. The highest level is genre, below genre is sub-genre andbelow sub-genre is movie type. In this example, one or more movieclusters are assigned to each movie type if there are enough movies tomake such an assignment appropriate. However, it is also possible thatone or more movie cluster identifiers would be assigned to a sub-genre,if there are not enough movie types within that sub-genre to warrantfurther division. Similarly, one or more movie cluster identifiers couldbe assigned to a genre if there are not enough sub-genres within thatgenre to warrant further division. In short, the taxonomy tree providesvarious levels and divisions. The taxonomy tree is used by the userdevice as well. This is described below.

The recommendation authoring system 34 may include a recommendationslist module 314. The recommendations list module 314 creates a list ofrecommended movies for each movie cluster. Various numbers of movies maybe assigned to each movie cluster. In the present example, the order ofthe movies within each list defines or conveys the priority of eachmovie. Weights may also be assigned to each movie to indicate thepriority level. In this example, the first movie in the list has thehighest priority.

The recommendation authoring system 34 includes a payload object creator316. The payload object creator 316 encapsulates the recommendationslist and the taxonomy tree into binary format data which is then loadedinto a payload object and transmitted to the user devices.

Referring now to FIG. 4, an example of a movie cluster taxonomy tree isset forth. In this example, a movie cluster identifier (Id) isillustrated in the appropriate box. In box 410 all movies with a moviecluster identifier of 42 and 88 are within the “Western” category. Nosub-genre or movie type sub-structure is defined under “Western” forexample, if there are insufficient “Western” movies in the program guideschedule that week.

In this example, the Comedy genre 412 is illustrated having twosub-genres “Screwball Comedy” and “Comedy Drama” represented as boxes416 and 418. Screwball Comedy has no movie types thereunder. Therefore,Screwball Comedy has a movie cluster identifier as “12.” The ComedyDrama box 418 has two movie types thereunder. “Romantic Comedy” has twomovie cluster identifiers 3 and 41 illustrated in box 426. Teen AngstComedy 428 has one movie cluster identifier 44. Thus, all moviesassigned to movie clusters with identifier 3 and 41 are Comedy/ComedyDrama/Romantic Comedy and all movies assigned to movie clusteridentifier 44 are Comedy/Comedy Drama/Teen Angst Comedy.

In this way, the head end defines exactly how the movie clusters aredefined in a tree structure of genres, sub-genres, and movie types sothat all movies are placed into a specific node on the tree.

Referring now to FIG. 5, a tracker module 512 is in communication with aviewing tracker log 514. The recommendation module 118 and itsinter-connections are also illustrated in further detail. Therecommendation module 118 is in communication with the viewer trackingmodule 116. The viewer tracking module 116 includes viewer eventsmodules 510 which are in communication with the viewing tracker log 514.The viewing tracker log 514 may generate a viewed content history orhistogram that is ultimately stored in the memory of the user device asillustrated in FIG. 2. The viewed content history or histogram may be acount of the movie cluster identifiers watched at the user device. Theviewed content history may also comprise a more complex histogramincluding a genre histogram that has a count of the viewed content percluster identifier for a genre, a sub-genre histogram having a secondcount of viewed content for each cluster identifier of a sub-genre and atype histogram having a third count of viewed content per clusteridentifier for a type. The viewed content history may also comprise aviewing time histogram that has a count of the number of minutes orseconds viewed in each movie genre, sub-genre, type or cluster.

The viewer events module 510 generates data corresponding to viewingevents so that the recommendation module 118 is able to generate usefulrecommendations likely to be of interest to the user based on the userviewed content history or histogram. The viewing events may includewatching a movie in this example.

The viewing of a movie or other content may be qualified before logging.For example, live viewing events may only be logged after apredetermined amount of time has passed. A playback from memory viewingevent may also be logged. The playback of a program or movie from adigital video recorder may be a playback viewing event. A channel changemay also be logged by the viewer events module 510. If the viewerchanges the channel that is currently being viewed live, a channelchange event may be logged. The various types of events mentioned abovemay be used to generate a viewed content history or histogram. Thus, apredetermined time or portion of a movie may be watched before beinglogged.

The viewer events from the viewer events module 510 are communicated tothe tracker module 512 which gathers the viewer events, analyzes themand based on the analysis, adds the entries to the viewer tracking log514.

The viewer tracking module 116 provides data corresponding to all usersof the system in this example. Individual usage tracking assigned toparticular user may also be performed if user identifier is used toidentify users of the system. The home media center 50 may keep track ofdata individually for each client. The home media center 50 could alsobe configured to aggregate data such as most channels watched, theviewer tracking log and other data.

The recommendation module 118 may also be in communication with set topbox specific information 530 including the playlist and the channelssubscribed to. These may be referred to as “channels I get.”

The recommendation module 118 may also be in communication with thecurrent program guide data 532. The program guide data 532 correspondsto the currently available programs provided by the head end. Thecurrent program APG data module 532 may be used to tune to a movie orother content.

The recommendation module 118 may also be in communication withsupplemental guide data 534. The data 534 corresponds to various dataobjects that may be sent together with the program guide data. Thesupplemental guide data 534 may include the external recommendationslist of movies recommended. The taxonomy tree may also be within thesupplemental data 534.

A filter module 536 for filtering available content may also be used.The filter module 536 may include the watched program ratings, channellocks, adult content filters or other user selectable filters. Thefilters prevent content titles from appearing in the recommendationslists.

The recommendation module 118 may include a correlation module 240 thatcorrelates the external recommendations list with the viewer trackinglog and other data from the set top box specific information 530, thecurrent APG program data 232, the supplemental data 534 and the filters536 to generate an internal recommendations list. The internalrecommendations list comprises recommendations that are personalized tothe set top box in accordance with the internal viewer tracking log andother internal set top box data. Details of the actions of thecorrelation module 540 will be set forth below. In summary, the amountof movies watched for each of the movie cluster identifiers is used as aweight compared to the external recommendations list to ultimatelygenerate an internal recommendations list. The internal recommendationlist for users is of different granularity. It may be narrowly focusedaround clusters, or broadly focused around genre, according to userviewing history. User interface section headers enable users quicklyunderstand their target interests, for example, “Murder Mystery”, “TeenAngst Comedy”. By including a representative selection ofrecommendations from each viewed movie type, the internal recommendationlist also preserves distinct movie tastes of multiple users of a familyviewing device, such as set top box

The recommendation module 118 may generate an output to a display 240that corresponds to the internal recommendations list. The internalrecommendations list has titles, poster or other identifiers of contentthat may be desirable for the user. In the present example, the internalrecommendations list may be a “You Might Like” display 544. The outputmay be in graphical, alphanumeric, or a combination of graphical andalphanumeric identifiers. The order may be determined as an order ofbest match. The display may also indicate whether the content is storedwithin the user device.

Referring now to FIG. 6A, a high level method of operating the head endis set forth. In step 610 all known movies are assigned to a moviecluster by assigning a movie cluster identifier to each movie. Asmentioned above, the present example applies to movies. However, othertypes of content may be used according to the teaching set forth herein.Also, as mentioned above, one and only one movie cluster identifier maybe assigned to each movie. A movie or other content may be received froma content provider with or without a movie cluster identifier. A moviecluster identifier may be assigned with the movie in the head end.

In step 612 a movie cluster identifier assignment is communicated to theuser device using a program guide extended object. In step 614 ataxonomy tree is generated. As mentioned above, the taxonomy treeorganizes the movies into a genre, sub-genre and movie type which isbelow the sub-genre. In step 616 a list of external recommendations isgenerated at the head end. Each of the clusters has a plurality ofmovies therein. A cluster is a grouping of movies within one level ofthe taxonomy tree. As mentioned above, when a movie does not fit into amovie type, it may fit within a sub-genre. If a movie does not fit intoa sub-genre, the movie may fit within a genre. A further description ofthis is set forth below.

In step 618 the taxonomy tree and the external recommendations list iscommunicated to the user device encapsulated in a payload object orobjects.

Referring now to FIG. 6B, a taxonomy tree definition table 650 isgenerated for the taxonomy tree example set forth in FIG. 4. Settings inbinary data are used to represent the taxonomy tree that is ultimatelycommunicated to the user device. For each genre, the genre identifier isset to a unique value representing the genre. The sub-genre identifier,movie type identifier, cluster identifier and default count are also setto zero. The group name field is set to the name of the genre. For eachsub-genre, the genre identifier field is set to the value associatedwith the genre that this sub-genre is part of. The sub-genre field isset to a unique value representing the sub-genre. The movie identifier,cluster identifier and default count are also set to zero. The groupname field is set to the name of the sub-genre.

A similar process is also performed for the movie types in the tree.That is, the genre identifier field is set to the value associated withthe genre that this movie type is part of. The sub-genre identifierfield is set to the value associated with the sub-genre that the movietype is part of. The movie type field is set to a unique valuerepresenting the movie type. The cluster identifier and the defaultcounter are set to zero. The group name field is set to the name of themovie type. The genre field is set to the value associated with thegenre that the movie cluster is associated with. The sub-genreidentifier field is set the value associated with the sub-genre thatthis movie cluster is associated with or zero if the movie cluster isassigned to the genre node. The movie type field is set to the valueassociated with the movie type that the movie cluster is associated withor zero if the movie cluster is assigned to the genre node or sub-genrenode. The cluster identifier is set to the movie cluster identifiervalue of the movie cluster. The default count is set to the value chosenby the head end and later used by the set top box or user device for themovie cluster during processing. The group name field is set to the nameof the movie cluster. Using the example of FIG. 4, FIG. 6B shows rows ofvarious groups. The first example has a genre which has been set to one,the sub-genre is set to zero in accordance with the description above,the movie type and cluster identifier have also been set to zero inaccordance with the above example. The default count has also been setto zero for the same reason. The group name is “Comedy”.

Under the second row, the genre of group named “Screwball Comedy” isunder the genre of comedy and the genre column is thus set to one as inthe previous example. In this example, the sub-genre is set to 101, themovie type zero, cluster identifier zero and default count is also zero.

The “Romantic Comedy” sub-genre is set in a similar manner with adifferent sub-genre identifier. The sub-genre has two movie typesthereunder. The two movie types are “Romantic Comedy” and “Teen AngstComedy” which have unique movie type identifiers associated therewithbut the same genre and sub-genre numbers as the comedy drama.

“Western” is a unique genre with no sub-genre or movie type or uniquecluster identifier so the genre is given a unique identifier whilesub-genre, movie types and cluster identifier are all zero.

In the last six rows of the table, the movie cluster identifiers of FIG.4 are associated with a genre, sub-genre and movie type if applicable.These are derived from the upper part of the table. For example, movieclusters 42 and 88 are associated with the genre “Western” and thus onlythe genre, which in this case is 2, is associated therewith. There is nosub-genre or movie type. A default count of 2 is associated with moviecluster 42 and a default count of 1 is associated with the cluster 88.Movie cluster 12 with default 1 is associated with the sub-genre“Screwball Comedy” and has the genre 1 and sub-genre 101, and there isno movie type. Movie cluster 44 with default 1 is associated with themovie type “Teen Angst Comedy” and has the genre 1, sub-genre 102 andmovie type 1002. Movie clusters 3 and 41 are both associated with themovie type “Romantic Comedy” and have genre 1, sub-genre 102, and movietype 1001. Cluster 3 has default count 2 while cluster 41 has defaultcount 1. For example, cluster 3 may be comprised of a collection of“Sweet Romantic Comedies” and cluster 41 of “Dark Romantic Comedies”.

Referring now to FIG. 7, a detailed description of operating the headend is set forth. In this example, an operator of the head end system isreferred to as a curator. The curator accesses the recommendationauthoring system in step 710. The recommendation authoring system isused to provide periodic movie recommendations lists that are sent tothe user devices. The movie recommendations list may be provided on aregular basis such as weekly. Of course, bi-weekly, twice a week orother periods may be used. In step 712 a new payload object is created.In step 714 the payload object from a prior period may be used andmodified to form a new payload object. In step 716 the maximum number oftimes a movie can appear in previous weeks recommendations is set. Thisis to limit the number of weeks a movie is recommended. In step 718 themaximum number of recommendations per cluster is set. This ultimatelyallows the movies displayed to the user to be distributed throughoutvarious clusters to provide variety. In step 720 a minimum qualityrating may be established. That is, an external service may have user orquality ratings associated therewith. One example of a quality ratingservice is Flixter®. The minimum quality rating may, for example, be astart rating or a percentage-like rating.

In step 722, it is determined whether an existing clustering is to beused or a new clustering is to be created. After step 722 when anexisting clustering is used, steps 724 performed. Step 724 retrieves andsorts new movies into a cluster by assigning each new movie or content amovie cluster identifier.

Testing of the system may also be performed. An optional step 725 allowsthe curator to simulate the movie recommendations page. This action maymimic the actions of a set top box with histogram data. Simulatedinternal recommended movie lists may therefore be created and viewed todetermine why various movies were added.

In step 726, movie recommendations and a taxonomy tree are communicatedto the devices using payload objects.

Referring back to step 722 when the curator seeks to create a newclustering, step 730 is performed. In step 730, an edit view of ataxonomy table may be displayed to the curator. In step 732 a name maybe added as well as a cluster identifier. In step 734 a movie may bedeleted from the previous table. In step 738 a movie cluster may beadded or moved. In step 740 a movie may be added to the movie cluster.It should be noted that in our example only one cluster identifier maybe associated with a movie. In step 742, an extended program guideobject for the movie is created. The extended program guide object maybe specifically created for the new movie or may be used to convey aplurality of movies. After step 742, step 744 creates a default countcorresponding to the number of movies allowed for each of the clusters.In step 746, changes are saved for the new or edited taxonomy table.After step 746, the taxonomy table may be communicated to the userdevices using payload objects or program objects in step 726. Of course,the changed taxonomy table may be tested in step 725.

Referring now to FIG. 8, a high level method of operating a userreceiving device is set forth. In step 810 the content watched such asmovie content is analyzed by the user device. In this example, theviewer tracking log tracks the movies watched at the user device. Instep 812, a history such as a histogram for each movie clusteridentifier is generated. It should be noted that a predetermined amountof user viewed data may be kept. That is, data for a predeterminedperiod prior to the generation of the histogram may be used ordisplayed. For example, six months worth of data may be used forgenerating a local recommendation as described below. Data in thehistogram older than a predetermined time such as six months may bediscarded.

In step 814, a local recommendations list is requested by the userdevice. This list may be performed by selecting a menu selection such asa “cinema” selection or the like. In step 816 a local recommendationslist is generated. It should be noted that this list may be generatedafter receiving an external recommendations list. This step may beperformed at the time the external recommendations list is received orupon request. A cluster sorted local recommendations list is generatedin step 818. The generation of the cluster sorted recommendations listwill be described below. However, it should be noted that the moviecluster identifier sorted local recommendations list generatedinternally at the user device is weighted toward the cluster identifiersmost viewed at the user device. This may be referred to as an internalrecommendations list.

In step 820, leftover local recommendations may also be placed into thelocal recommendations list. In step 822, the cluster sorted localrecommendations list is displayed on the display associated with theuser device. Ultimately, the cluster sorted internal recommendationslist generated in step 822 uses the histograms, the taxonomy tree andthe external recommendations list.

Referring now to FIG. 9, a method for analyzing watched movies is setforth. In step 910 movies watched list is stored along with a moviecluster identifier associated with each of the movies. In step 912 ahistogram is generated by counting the total number of viewed movieshaving each movie cluster identifier value. In step 920, a count of allof the movies is generated as the movies watched “MW.” The objects thatinclude the taxonomy table and the program guide objects are received instep 922. In step 924 a default movie count for each movie clusteridentifier is established. This default movie count will be described indetail below.

In step 926 the total number of movies in the watch list for each moviecluster identifier is counted to form a movie cluster count. In step928, the movie cluster count and the default movie cluster count arecompared. Of course, the process set forth in FIG. 9 may not take placeif the overall movie watched count MW is not at least a predeterminedamount.

In step 930, when the overall movies watched is less than a threshold instep 930, Step 932 adds the default movie cluster count to the totalnumber of movies watched for the particular cluster identifier andcontinue to step 934. In step 930, when the overall movies watched isgreater than the threshold, step 934 is performed. In step 934 the moviecluster count of the histogram is used. After step 934, step 936generates a movie type histogram totaling the viewed movies of the eachmovie cluster belonging to a movie type including the defaults ifapplicable.

In step 938 a sub-genre histogram is generated by totaling the viewedmovies of each movie cluster and the default if applicable and the movietype belonging to each sub-genre.

In step 940 a genre histogram is generated by totaling the viewed moviesof each movie cluster and sub-genre belonging to each genre.

In step 942 the histogram is stored in the memory of the user device.

Referring now to FIG. 10, a table providing examples of movies watchedare set forth. The movie UNFORGIVEN is in a movie cluster identifier 42,IT'S A MAD MAD MAD MAD WORLD is in movie cluster identifier 12, HIGHNOON is in movie cluster identifier 88, SILVERADO is in movie clusteridentifier 42, SPEECHLESS is in movie cluster identifier 41, THEBREAKFAST CLUB is in movie cluster identifier 44, SLEEPLESS IN SEATTLEis in movie cluster identifier 3 and IT HAPPENED ONE NIGHT is in moviecluster 41.

Referring now to FIG. 11, default counts for each movie cluster are setforth. The default counts for each movie cluster allow a new user devicewithout any personal viewing history to generate a default viewinghistogram. The default viewing histogram will represent a genericdistribution of popular movie types. The default counts allow the headend to control the proportions of each genre, sub-genre and movie typein the default recommendation list. As the user views movies accordingto their personal taste, the generic component of the recommendationlist gradually reduces and the personal component increases. In thetaxonomy example described with FIG. 6B, movie cluster identifier 3 hasa default count of two. Movie cluster identifier 41 has a default countof one. Both clusters are included in the “Romantic Comedy” group, sothat the default recommendation list will include twice as many “SweetRomantic Comedies” as “Dark Romantic Comedies”. Similarly, movie cluster12 represents “Screwball Comedies” and cluster 44 represents “Teen AngstComedies”, both with default one, so that movies in the “Comedy” genrewill have three times as many “Romance Comedy”, as “Screwball Comedy” or“Teen Angst Comedy”. Movie cluster 42 with default two and cluster 88with default one both represent movies in the “Western” genre, so thatthe default recommendation list would include movies from the “Comedy”and “Western” genres in the ratio 5 to 3.

Referring now to FIG. 12, a histogram is generated using the method setforth in FIG. 9 with the examples set forth in FIGS. 10 and 11. Forexample, movie cluster 3 has a count of one plus the default count ofzero which has a total count of 1. Movie cluster 12 has a count of 1plus the default count of two for a total count of three. Each totalcount corresponds to the number of movies watched in FIG. 10 along withthe default count. In the second two columns the movie type count for“Romantic Comedy” which corresponds to movie clusters 3 and 41 has atotal count of four from the movie cluster 3 and 12 rows of column 2.“Teen Angst Comedy” which corresponds to movie cluster 44 has only onecount. Under the sub-genre column “Screwball Comedy” corresponds tomovie cluster 12 and has a count of three. “Comedy Drama” which includesboth “Romantic Comedy” and “Teen Angst Comedy” has a total of five whichcorresponds to the sum of the fourth column, the rows 1 and 2.

The genre column includes comedy as the first genre which includes both“Screwball Comedy” and “Comedy Drama.” The count for the Comedy genre is8 which is the total of the two rows of the sixth column. “Westerns”correspond to movie cluster 42 and 88 which from the second column has atotal of five counts.

Referring now to FIG. 13, a method for generating a recommended movielist for display on a screen associated with the user device is setforth. This method selects movies to recommend from each movie clusterin proportion to the movie count associated with that cluster in theviewed history of the user device. In a simplified embodiment, theinternal recommendation list may be ordered according to most watchedmovie type, i.e., from most watched to least watched movie type. In apreferred embodiment, the internal recommendation list may be orderedaccording to most watched genres, and within each genre, orderedaccording to the most watched sub-genres, and within each sub-genre,ordered according to the most watched movie types. Furthermore, in auser-interface wherein movie posters are displayed in rows of fourposters, the preferred embodiment organizes the internal recommendationlist with similar movies in each row of four movie posters. In step 1310an internal recommendations list is requested. The internalrecommendations list may be initiated when a particular sub-menu or menuitem is selected. In step 1312 the number of movies to display value isestablished at “Md.” The number movies to display value is set so that awide number of movies that the user may be interested in are displayedon the screen display.

In step 1314 the genre histogram is sorted from the most watched to theleast watched. In the above example, the most watched genre is “Comedy”and the second most watched is “Western.”

In step 1316 the sub-genres within each genre are sorted from the mostwatched to the least watched. In the above example, the most watchedsub-genre of comedy is “Romantic Comedy” and “Teen Angst Comedy” whilethe second most watched is “Screwball Comedy.” In step 1318 within eachsub-genre the movie type histogram is sorted in order of movie type fromthe most to the least watched. In the above example, “Romantic Comedy”is the most watched while “Teen Angst” is the least watched movie typeunder the sub-genre of Comedy Drama which is under the genre of comedy.

Referring now to FIG. 1320, if the genre sub-item is a movie clusterStep 1322 is used to get the recommended movies for the movie cluster.This process will be described in detail below.

In Step 1320 if the genre sub-item is not a movie cluster, Step 1330 isperformed which determines whether the genre sub-item is a sub-genre. Ifthe genre sub-item is a sub-genre Step 1332 is performed. In Step 1332the movie types are looped through and the movie clusters of thesub-genre are arranged from most to least watched. In Step 1330, if thegenre sub-item is not a Subgenre, Step 1338 will follow.

In Step 1334 if the sub-genre sub-item is a movie cluster therecommended movies for the movie cluster are obtained. In Step 1336 thesub-genre is a movie type for each movie cluster the recommended moviesfor that movie cluster are obtained. In Step 1338 the leftoverrecommendations from the movie cluster and the sub-genre are obtained.This process will be described in detail below. In Step 1340 theleftover movies for the genre are also obtained and added to therecommended movie list.

Referring now to FIG. 14, a method for generating internalrecommendations of the movies or content for each movie cluster orcluster is set forth. This process further defines step 1322 in FIG. 13.In Step 1410 the number of movies or content to get from the externalrecommendations list is determined for a movie cluster (MCd) by dividingthe number of movies watched in this movie cluster by the total numberof movies watched (MW) and multiplying by the target number of movies tobe displayed (Md). This number may be rounded up or down to the nearestinteger. In Step 1412 the MCd is divided by a predetermined number suchas 4. In Step 1414 if the remainder is less than 3 add 1 to MCd.

In Step 1416 the first four movies of the external recommendation listfor the movie cluster is retrieved. In Step 1418 movies are removed thatwere previously viewed within a predetermined viewing history. That is,if the movie was watched in the near past, the movie is removed frombeing included in the internal recommendations list. In Step 1420 moviesare removed that do not meet the general parental guidance filters. InStep 1422 replacements for movies in steps that were removed in Steps1418 and 1420 are obtained. In Step 1424 when four movies are retrievedthey are added to the internal recommendations list. After Step 1424,Step 1426 subtracts 4 from the number of movies to get MCd.

In Step 1428 if MCd is not less than 4 or 4 movies can be retrieved,Steps 1416-1426 are once again performed.

In Step 1428 if the MCd is less than 4 or 4 movies cannot be retrieved,Step 1430 returns a leftover list of movies associated with a particularmovie cluster to the genre, sub-genre or movie type that the moviecluster was assigned to. If there are any more movie clusters to beanalyzed, Steps 1410-1430 are again performed. In Step 1432 if no moremovie clusters are in the list, Step 1434 is performed.

Referring now to FIG. 15, the handling of leftover content for a levelsuch as a genre, sub-genre or type is set forth. Again leftover contentis content on the internal recommended list not selected for display atthe lower levels of sub-genre or types in the processes described inFIGS. 13 and 14. More specifically, this method further defines steps1338 and 1340 of FIG. 13. Again, this process applies to other types ofcontent outside of movies. In Step 1510 all the leftover movies from themovie clusters and sub-levels of this level from the highest count tothe lowest count are sorted and summed. The sum is referred to as“Mleftover”. When Mleftover is greater than or equal to 4, Steps 1512,1514 and 1516 are performed. That is, Step 1512 adds the first 4 moviesto the internal recommended movie list. In Step 1514 the movies areassociated to the level such as genre, sub-genre or movie type that thisalgorithm is being applied to. The number 4 in this example issubtracted from Mleftover. In Step 1518 if Mleftover is greater than orequal to 4, Steps 1512 through 1516 are again performed. When Mleftoveris not greater than or equal to 4, Step 1520 determines whether thesub-level is a movie type and returns the leftover list of movies to thesub-genre associated with the movie type. After Step 1520, Step 1522determines if the level was a sub-genre and returns the leftover list ofmovies to the genre associated with the sub-genre. After Step 1522, Step1524 determines if the level was a genre and returns the leftover listto the genre. If there are no leftover movies then no leftover movieswill be added to the leftover movie list.

Referring now to FIG. 16, a method for handling the final set ofleftover movies for a genre is set forth. This is essentially theleftover content of the leftover process of FIG. 15. It should be notedthat at this time, all recommended content for a genre includingsub-genres, types, and clusters have been handled. Although this processis described for movies other content types may use this process. Inthis example, one, two or three movies assigned to a genre may not havebeen handled in the previous figures. In Step 1610 the leftover movielist is obtained. In Step 1612 it is determined whether the leftoverlist is greater than one. If the leftover list is not greater than one,Step 1614 ignores the leftover list. In Step 1612 if the leftover listis greater than one Step 1616 is performed which sorts the movies withinthe genre from the most watched to the least watched. In Step 1618 thenext available movie is picked from the recommended list from the mostwatched cluster. This is performed after the previous algorithms havebeen performed. After Step 1618, Step 1620 determines whether there aremore left in the recommended list for the cluster. If there are, Steps1616 through 1620 are again performed. In Step 1620 when no moreleftovers are in the recommended list for the clusters, Step 1622repeats the process with the next watched cluster. In Step 1624 the nextavailable cluster is used to obtain the next list to add from theexternal recommendations list to the internal recommendations list. InStep 1626 if there are not four available movies, Step 1628 does notreturn any content or content identifiers to the internalrecommendations list. After Step 1626 if there are four availablerecommended movies Step 1630 returns the four movies to the internalrecommendations list.

Referring now to FIG. 17, a more detailed movie cluster count isprovided in the table 1710 for a more detailed analysis to illustratethe processes described above in FIGS. 13 through 16. In this secondexample, FIG. 17 has ten different movie clusters. Each of the movieclusters will now be described in detail. By way of example, the firstmovie cluster, 1, in the first row includes three movies that includeREAR WINDOW, VERTIGO and ROPE. The second movie cluster, 12, includesTHE SPONGEBOB SQUARE PANTS MOVIE, BLACK BEAUTY, ERNEST GOES TO CAMP andFINDING NEMO. The third movie cluster, 31, includes DEATH TRAP, THEHOUNDS OF BASKERVILLE and THE MURDERS ON RUE MORGUE. The fourth moviecluster, 32, includes WHERE THE BOW BREAKS, BROADCAST, ECHO PARK and THENARROWS. The fifth movie cluster, 34, includes BRAZIL. The sixth moviecluster, 48, includes THE THIN MAN. The seventh movie cluster includesD.O.A., BLOWOUT, VANILLA SKY, MYSTIC RIVER and THE FACTORY. The eightmovie cluster 62, includes SPEECHLESS, JUST FRIENDS, WHEN HARRY METSALLY, LEAP YEAR and LIFE AS WE KNOW IT. The ninth movie cluster, 70,includes THE BREAKFAST CLUB and PRETTY IN PINK. The tenth movie cluster,88, includes IT'S A MAD MAD MAD MAD WORLD.

Referring now to FIG. 18, a recommended movie cluster count is providedin table 1810. Two columns including a movie cluster identifier and acount for each movie cluster identifier is set forth. Thus, as is seen,movie cluster 3 has three counted movies. Cluster 12 has seven countedmovies, movie cluster 31 has a count of 3, movie cluster 32 has a countof 12, movie cluster 34 has a count of 5, movie cluster 48 has a countof 6, movie cluster 55 has a count of 18, movie cluster 62 has a countof 21, movie cluster 70 has a count of 1 and movie cluster 88 has acount of 17. The count corresponds to the number of movies within themovie cluster that were watched subject to the qualifications describedabove such as only partial viewing, with the last 6 months or other timeperiod etc.

Referring now to FIG. 19, a taxonomy tree 1910 is provided for thepresent example. In this example, the genres correspond to Comedy, Drama(cluster Id 34) and Kids (cluster Id 12). Under comedy the sub-genresare Screwball Comedy (cluster Id 88) and Comedy Drama. Under thesub-genres Comedy Drama, the movie types Romantic Comedies (cluster Id62) and Teen Angst Comedies (cluster Id 70) are set forth. Under theDrama genre (cluster Id 34), Mystery (cluster Id's 48, 55) is set forth.The Mystery sub-genre has a Murder Mysteries movie type (cluster Id's31, 32) and an Alfred Hitchcock movie type (cluster Id 3) thereunder.The Kids genre has no sub-genre or movie type associated therewith.

Referring now to FIG. 20, an internal recommendations list 2010generated using the above mention processes is set forth. In thefollowing, the processes are applied to the data in FIGS. 17-19. Themovies to display (Md) from the internal recommendations list in thepresent example is set to twenty. The movies watched is determined fromFIG. 18 which totals to 93. The genres watched include Dramas at a countof 47, Comedies at a count of 39 and Kids at a count of 7. Thus, dramawould be the first genre to be processed. The sub-genres of dramaincluded Mystery which has a count of 42. These are obtained by summingthe movie cluster identifiers 48 and 55 of FIG. 18. The Drama/Mysterymovie types watched are Murder Mystery at a count of 15 and Hitchcock ata count of 3. The drama/mystery/murder mystery movie type is the firstdrama/mystery movie type to be processed since it has a greater count.The drama/mystery movie cluster has movie cluster identifier 31 andmovie cluster identifier 32. From FIG. 18, movie cluster 31 has threemovies and movie cluster 32 has 12 movies. Movie cluster 32 has agreater count and is thus processed first. The MCd of movie cluster 32is twenty times the cluster identifier ratio or 20*(12/93) which equals2.58 which rounds to 3. One is added to make it four. The recommendedmovies list is reviewed for movie cluster 32. Four movies are in moviecluster 32 so these are all returned to the internal movierecommendations list. In this case there are no leftovers for moviecluster 32.

Movie cluster 31 is then processed. Movie cluster 31 includes threerecommended movies. The MCd of movie cluster 31 is 20*(3/93) whichequals 0.65 which rounds to 1. Thus the first movie for movie cluster 31is retrieved but not added to the return list since there are not fourof them. The one movie from the recommendations list is thus returned asa leftover up to the drama/mystery/murder mystery movie type.

There are no more movie clusters for drama/mystery/murder mystery movietype and the total of one leftover movie is returned. Because there areless than four movies leftover the one movie DEATHTRAP is returned as aleftover up to the Drama/Mystery sub-genre. The next movie type isDrama/Mystery sub-genre of Hitchcock. There are three movies watchedunder this category. The movie cluster 3 is the first and only moviecluster process. The MCd of movie cluster 3 is 20*(3/93). This roundsto 1. The first recommended movie for movie cluster 3 is REAR WINDOW andis retrieved but has been watched in this example in the last 30 days sothe next movie VERTIGO is retrieved but not added to the return listsince there are not four. This one movie is returned to theDrama/Mystery/Hitchcock movie type. There are no more movie clusters forDrama/Mystery/Hitchcock type. There is one leftover movie from theDrama/Mystery/Hitchcock movie type. Because there are less than fourleftover movies, the one leftover movie VERTIGO was returned up as aleftover to the Drama/Mystery sub-genre. For the sub-genre Drama/Mysterythe movies watched are cluster Id 48 at a count of 6, and cluster Id 55at a count of 18. Movie cluster 55 has more and is thus processed first.The MCd of the movie cluster 55 is 20*(18/93) which equals 3.87 whichrounds to 4.

The first four recommendation of movie cluster 55 are added to thereturn list. There are no leftovers for movie cluster 55. Movie cluster48 is then processed. Movie cluster 48 has an MCd of 20*(6/93) whichequals 1.29 which rounds to 1. The first recommended movie for moviecluster 48, THE THIN MAN, is retrieved but not added to the return listsince there are not four of them. This one movie is returned as aleftover up to the Drama/Mystery sub-genre. Because there are no moremovie clusters in the Drama/Mystery sub-genre, there are a total of 3leftover movies for the Drama/Mystery sub-genre. There are less thanfour of them so three movies are returned up to the Drama genre. For theDrama genre, the movie clusters watched are 34 at a count of 5. Moviecluster 34 is the first and only movie cluster to be processed. The MCdof movie cluster 34 is 20*(5/93). The result is 1.07 which rounds to 1.The first recommended movie for movie cluster 34 is BRAZIL which isretrieved but not added to the return list since there are not four ofthem. This one movie is returned as a leftover up to the Drama genre.The Drama genre has four leftover movies associated with it. All fourmovies are added to the return list associated with the Drama genre.DEATH TRAP, VERTIGO, THE THIN MAN and BRAZIL are added to the internalrecommendations list.

The next most watched genre was comedy. The comedy sub-genres watchedare Screwball Comedy at a count of 17, Comedy Drama at a count of 22 andComedy/Comedy Drama sub-genre which is the first comedy sub-genre to beprocessed.

The Comedy/Comedy Drama movie type has Romantic Comedy at a count of 21and Teen Angst Comedy at a count of 1. The Comedy/Comedy Drama/RomanticComedy movie type is the first movie cluster to be processed. Moviecluster Id 62 has an MCd of 20*(21/93) which equals 4.52. This rounds to5. The first four recommended movie cluster Id 62 are, SPEECHLESS, JUSTFRIENDS, WHEN HARRY MET SALLY and LEAP YEAR. The fifth recommended moviefor movie cluster 62, LIFE AS WE KNOW IT, is retrieved but not added tothe return list since there is not a group of 4. This one movie isreturned as a leftover up to the Comedy/Comedy Drama/Romantic Comedymovie type.

There are no more movie clusters for the Comedy/Comedy Drama/RomanticComedy movie type. There is one leftover movies returned to theComedy/Comedy Drama sub-genre.

The next movie type of the Comedy/Comedy Drama sub-genre is theComedy/Comedy Drama/Teen Angst Comedy movie type. The Comedy/ComedyDrama/Teen Angst Comedy movie cluster watched has a value of 1. Moviecluster Id 70 is the first and only cluster processed. The movie clusterId 70 has a count value of 20*(1/93). This rounds to 0 so there are nomovies retrieved for cluster Id 70. There are no more movies for theComedy/Comedy Drama/Teen Angst Comedy movie type. There are no leftovermovies for this. There are no more movie clusters for the Comedy/ComedyDrama/Teen Angst Comedy movie type. There are also no leftover moviesfor this movie type. So, no leftover movies are returned to the movietype up to the Comedy/Comedy Drama sub-genre.

There are no more movie clusters to process for the Comedy/Comedy Dramasub-genre. There is now a total of one leftover movie for theComedy/Comedy Drama sub-genre. There are less than four of them so thatone of the leftover movies is returned up to the comedy genre.

The next Comedy sub-genre is Comedy/Screwball Comedy. There are nomovies of this type or genre.

From FIGS. 18 and 19, the movie clusters watched for Comedy/ScrewballComedy sub-genre is 17. The movie cluster 88 is the first and only moviecluster processed for the Comedy/Screwball Comedy sub-genre. The MCd ofthe movie cluster 88 is 20*(17/93) which is 3.65 which rounds to 4.There is only one recommended movie for movie cluster 88. This is themovie IT'S A MAD, MAD, MAD, MAD WORLD. This movie is retrieved but notadded to the return list since there are not four of them. This onemovie is returned as a leftover up to the Comedy/Screwball Comedysub-genre. There are no more movie clusters to process for theComedy/Screwball Comedy sub-genre. There is now a total of one leftovermovie for the Comedy/Screwball Comedy sub-genre. There are less thanfour of them so the one leftover movie is returned up to the Comedysub-genre. The Comedy genre has no movie clusters and has two leftovermovies associated with it. Two more fill-in movies are to be retrievedto get to four movies. The movie clusters in all of the Comedy genresare in order of most-watched, movie cluster 62, movie cluster 88 andmovie cluster 70. All movies from movie cluster 62 have already beenretrieved. All movies from movie cluster 88 have also been retrieved.The only two movies from movie cluster 70 are retrieved. The Comedygenre now has four leftover/fill-in movies associated with it. All fourmovies are added to the return list. These are LIFE AS WE KNOW IT, whichwas a movie cluster 62 leftover, IT'S A MAD, MAD, MAD, MAD WORLD whichwas a movie cluster 88 leftover, THE BREAKFAST CLUB which was a cluster70 fill-in and PRETTY IN PINK which is also a cluster 70 fill-in.

The last genre to process is Kids. There are no sub-genres. There is onemovie cluster watched which has a count value of 7. The MCd of the moviecluster 88 is 20*(7/93) which equals 1.51 which in turn rounds to 2. Thefirst of 2 recommended movies for movie cluster 12 is THE SPONGEBOBSQUAREPANTS MOVIE and BLACK BEAUTY. These are retrieved but not added tothe return list since there are not four of them. These are returned asa leftover up to the Kids genre. There is now a total of 2 leftovermovies for the Comedy/Screwball Comedy sub-genre. There are less than 4of them so that one leftover movie is returned up to the Comedy genre.

There are no more movie clusters to process for the Kids genre. The Kidsgenre has two leftover movies associated with it. Two more fill-inmovies are to be retrieved to get four movies. There is only one moviecluster in the entire Kids genre. That is, movie cluster 12. The firsttwo recommended movies for movie cluster 12 have already been retrievedso the next two recommended movies from that cluster are retrieved.

The Kids genre now has four combined leftover/fill-in movies associatedwith it. All four movies are added to the return list associated withthe Kids genre since there are four of them.

Table 2010 has the entire return list for the above example. There arefour movies under the Drama/Mystery/Murder Mystery sub-category. Thesemovies are: WHERE THE BOUGH BREAKS, BLOOD TEST, ECHO PARK, and THENARROWS. The Drama category has DEATH TRAP, VERTIGO, THE THIN MAN andBRAZIL. The Comedy/Comedy Drama/Romantic Comedy category has SPEECHLESS,JUST FRIENDS, WHEN HARRY MET SALLY, and LEAP YEAR. The Comedy genre hasLIFE AS WE KNOW IT, IT'S A MAD, MAD, MAD, MAD WORLD, THE BREAKFAST CLUB,and PRETTY IN PINK. The Kids category has THE SPONGEBOB SQUARE PANTSmovie, BLACK BEAUTY, ERNEST GOES TO CAMP and FINDING NEMO.

Referring now to FIG. 21, an example of an internal recommendations list2110 is illustrated partially within a screen display 2112 of a userdevice. In the present example, “DIRECTV Cinema” at menu item 2114 isused to trigger the recommended movie screen display which, in thisexample, contains 8 posters 2116. The selection of menu item 2114 maytrigger the formation of the internal recommendations list. A recordedmovie indicator 2118 may also be provided below. The movies that havebeen prerecorded on a push or user initiated basis in the memory of theuser device. In this example, the wording “You Might Like” is placedabove the 8 movie posters 2116. By selecting the arrow 2120 more moviesmay be displayed. In the example of FIG. 21, the first 8 movies of thelist illustrated in FIG. 20 are provided. All or a portion of the listof movies in the internal recommendations list of FIG. 20 may bedisplayed at any one time. The arrow 2120 is used to scroll to othermovies or content to be displayed. Each poster may have the channelthereunder as well. As described earlier, each row of posters has beenorganized according to similar genre, sub-genre or movie type.Optionally this information may be displayed above each row, for example“Murder Mysteries” may be displayed above the first row of movieposters, which were selected from the clusters comprising theDrama/Mystery/Murder Mystery sub-category, while “Other Dramas” may bedisplayed above the second row of movie posters, which were selectedfrom a variety of clusters within the Drama category,

Referring now to FIG. 22, a method for recording and displaying pushavailable movies to all receiving devices based upon a personalizedmovie recommendation at each device is set forth. In this example, thedominant genre/sub-genre movie preference is based on the individualdevice movie viewing history as described above. If there is limitedmemory space, the device may only record the push movies that match thedominant genre/sub-genres. If there is a sufficient amount of memory forall the push movies then the device may record or store the push moviesmatching the dominant genre/sub-genre first instead of blindly recordingand displaying all push movies.

Push movies are movies that may be communicated using a carousel orother push mechanism. In the present example, the carousel may bepresent at the satellite. Push content is content that is pushed to auser without being specifically requested. In the present example, pushmovies are made available but not all push movies may be recorded withinthe user device. The push movies may be stored based upon userpreferences of genre and sub-genre. Not being recorded when sufficientspace is not present within the memory of the user device.

In step 2210 the viewed content history of the user device is stored ina memory within the user device. In step 2212 a histogram for the mostviewed movies may be obtained or generated. This process was describedin detail above. In step 2214 the histogram is sorted into genres andsub-genres to form a sorted list.

In step 2216 a push schedule having content identifiers and genre andsub-genre identifiers may be communicated to the user device. Step 2216receives the push schedule at the user device. In step 2218 the pushschedule or the movie carousel content is compared to the histogram ofgenres and sub-genres.

In step 2230 it is determined whether space is available in the memoryof the user device to record push titles or whether a tuner is availableto receive the content. The amount of push titles may be adjusted basedupon the space. If space or a tuner is not available step 2232 ends theprocess.

In Step 2230 if space is available, step 2232 stores movies (or othercontent) in the user device based on the comparison of step 2218.

In step 2234 a recorded list of pushed content is generated whenrequested by the user through an interface such as a user interface. Theuser may select a menu item that allows the user device to display thesorted list of already pushed titles recorded within the user device. Instep 2236 the push list is filtered. The push list may be filtered byparental ratings, content type or the like. In step 2238 the filteredlist is displayed on the screen display associated with the user device.The filtered list may be displayed using posters in a similar manner tothat set forth in FIG. 21.

In step 2240 a push title may be selected from the list. This may beperformed using one of the user interfaces associated with the userdevice. In step 2242 the movie corresponding to the title is retrievedfrom the memory of the user device. In step 2244 the movie is displayedon a display associated with a user device.

Those skilled in the art can now appreciate from the foregoingdescription that the broad teachings of the disclosure can beimplemented in a variety of forms. Therefore, while this disclosureincludes particular examples, the true scope of the disclosure shouldnot be so limited since other modifications will become apparent to theskilled practitioner upon a study of the drawings, the specification andthe following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving a taxonomy tableat a user device having content cluster identifiers therein; receivingan external recommendations list for the content cluster at the userdevice, said external recommendations list comprising a plurality ofcontent identifiers each having one or more content cluster identifiers;generating a viewed content history for content relative to the contentclusters identifiers corresponding to viewed content at the user device;generating an internal recommendations list by comparing the externalrecommendations list to the viewed content history at the user device;and displaying the internal recommendations list on a display associatedwith the user device.
 2. The method as recited in claim 1 whereinreceiving the taxonomy table further comprising receiving the taxonomytable having content cluster identifiers corresponding to a genre,sub-genre and type.
 3. The method as recited in claim 2 wherein the typeis subordinate to the sub-genre and the sub-genre is subordinate to thegenre.
 4. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein said recommendationslist comprises only one content cluster identifier for each contentidentifier.
 5. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein receiving theexternal recommendations list comprises assigning one or more moviecontent cluster identifier to each movie content.
 6. The method asrecited in claim 1 wherein receiving the taxonomy table comprisesreceiving the taxonomy table from a payload object.
 7. The method asrecited in claim 1 further comprising generating the externalrecommendations list at a head end.
 8. The method as recited in claim 1wherein receiving the external recommendations list comprises receivingthe external recommendations list having a content order correspondingto priority.
 9. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein receiving theexternal recommendations list comprises receiving the externalrecommendations list having a limited number of content identifiers percluster identifier.
 10. The method as recited in claim 1 whereinreceiving the external recommendations list comprises receiving theexternal recommendations list having a minimum content quality rating.11. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein generating the viewedcontent history comprises generating the viewed content history in ahistogram having a count of viewed content per cluster identifier. 12.The method as recited in claim 1 wherein generating the viewed contenthistory comprises generating the viewed content history in a histogramhaving a count of a total viewing time of content per clusteridentifier.
 13. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein generating theviewed content history comprises generating the viewed content historyin a histogram having a greater of a count of viewed content per clusteridentifier or a default count per cluster identifier.
 14. The method asrecited in claim 1 wherein generating the viewed content historycomprises generating the viewed content history in a genre histogramhaving a count of viewed content per cluster identifier for a genre. 15.The method as recited in claim 1 wherein generating the viewed contenthistory comprises generating the viewed content history in a sub-genrehistogram having a count of viewed content per cluster identifier for asub-genre.
 16. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein generating theviewed content history comprises generating the viewed content historyin a type histogram having a count of viewed content per clusteridentifier for a type.
 17. The method as recited in claim 1 whereingenerating the viewed content history comprises generating the viewedcontent history for a predetermined period prior to a present time. 18.The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising setting a contentrating limit and filter content from the internal recommendations listin response to the content rating limit.
 19. The method as recited inclaim 1 wherein generating the viewed content history comprisesgenerating the viewed content history in a genre histogram having acount of viewed content per cluster identifier for a genre, a sub-genrehistogram having a count of viewed content per cluster identifier for asub-genre and a type histogram having a count of viewed content percluster identifier for a type.
 20. The method as recited in claim 1further comprising determining a cluster identifier ratio for eachcluster identifier corresponding to a first number of content watchedfor the content identifier relative to a second total number of viewedcontent, and wherein generating the internal recommendations listcomprises generating the internal recommendations list using the ratiosproportional to the number of content to be displayed.
 21. The method asrecited in claim 1 wherein generating the internal recommendations listcomprises generating the internal recommendations list in response to aparental guidance filter.
 22. A method comprising: classifying contentsinto clusters based on multiple dimensional content attributes;generating a taxonomy table of multiple levels of genre, sub-genre andclusters at a head end having content cluster identifiers therein;assigning one content cluster identifier to each of the contentidentifiers; communicating the taxonomy table to a user device;communicating an external recommendations list for the content clusteridentifiers to the user device; generating a viewed content history forcontent relative to the content clusters corresponding to viewed contentat the user device; generating an internal recommendations list bycomparing the external recommendations list to the viewed contenthistory at the user device; and displaying the internal recommendationslist on a display associated with the user device
 23. The method asrecited in claim 22 wherein receiving the external recommendations listcomprises receiving the external recommendations list having a limitednumber of content identifier per cluster identifier.
 24. The method asrecited in claim 22 wherein generating the viewed content historycomprises generating the viewed content history in a histogram having acount of viewed content per cluster identifier.
 25. The method asrecited in claim 22 wherein generating the viewed content historycomprises generating the viewed content history in a histogram having acount of a total viewing time of content per cluster identifier.
 26. Themethod as recited in claim 22 wherein generating the viewed contenthistory comprises generating the viewed content history in a histogramhaving a greater of a count of viewed content per cluster identifier ora default count per cluster identifier.
 27. The method as recited inclaim 22 wherein generating the viewed content history comprisesgenerating the viewed content history for a predetermined period priorto a present time.
 28. The method as recited in claim 22 whereingenerating the viewed content history comprises generating the viewedcontent history in a genre histogram having a count of viewed contentper cluster identifier for a genre, a sub-genre histogram having a countof viewed content per cluster identifier for a sub-genre and a typehistogram having a count of viewed content per cluster identifier for atype.
 29. The method as recited in claim 22 wherein generating theinternal recommendations list comprises generating an internalrecommendations list portion for each of the cluster identifiers. 30.The method as recited in claim 22 further comprising determining acluster identifier ratio for each cluster identifier corresponding to afirst number of content watched for the content cluster identifierrelative to a second number of total number of watched content, andwherein generating the internal recommendations list comprisesgenerating the internal recommendations list using the ratiosproportional to the total number of content to be displayed.
 31. Themethod as recited in claim 22 wherein generating the internalrecommendations list comprises generating the internal recommendationslist in response to a parental guidance filter.
 32. The method asrecited in claim 22 wherein classifying contents comprises classifyingcontents using content attributes comprising at least one of genres,moods, tones, themes, keywords, movie types, actors and directors. 33.The method as recited in claim 22 wherein displaying comprisesdisplaying the internal recommendations list with section headersdescribing the recommendations at different granularity from clusterlevel to genre levels.
 34. A user device comprising: a memory storing ataxonomy table having content cluster identifiers therein and anexternal recommendations list for the content cluster at the userdevice, said recommendations list comprising a plurality of contentidentifiers each having one content cluster identifier; a viewertracking module generating a viewed content history for content relativeto the content clusters identifiers that correspond to viewed content atthe user device; a recommendation module generating an internalrecommendations list by comparing the external recommendations list tothe view content history at the user device; and a display displayingthe internal recommendations list.
 35. The user device as recited inclaim 34 wherein the external recommendations list comprises contenthaving a minimum content quality rating.
 36. The user device as recitedin claim 34 wherein the viewed content history comprises a histogramhaving a count of viewed content per cluster identifier.
 37. The userdevice as recited in claim 34 wherein the viewed content historycomprises a histogram having a count of the total viewing time ofcontent per cluster identifier.
 38. The user device as recited in claim36 wherein the histogram has a greater of a count of viewed content percluster identifier or a default count per cluster identifier.
 39. Theuser device as recited in claim 36 wherein the histogram comprises agenre histogram having a count of viewed content per cluster identifierfor a genre.
 40. The user device as recited in claim 36 wherein thehistogram comprises a sub-genre histogram having a count of viewedcontent per cluster identifier for a sub-genre.
 41. The user device asrecited in claim 36 wherein the histogram comprises a type histogramhaving a count of viewed content per cluster identifier for a type. 42.The user device as recited in claim 36 wherein the histogram comprises agenre histogram having a count of viewed content per cluster identifierfor a genre, a sub-genre histogram having a count of viewed content percluster identifier for a sub-genre, and a type histogram having a countof viewed content per cluster identifier for a type.
 43. The user deviceas recited in claim 34 wherein the viewed content history comprises theviewed content history for a predetermined period from a present time.44. The user device as recited in claim 34 further comprising a filterfiltering content from the internal recommendations list in response toa content rating limit.
 45. The user device as recited in claim 34further comprising a filter filtering content from the internalrecommendations list in response to a parental guidance limit.
 46. Theuser device as recited in claim 34 wherein the viewed content historycomprises a genre histogram having a first count of viewed content percluster identifier for a genre, a sub-genre histogram having a secondcount of viewed content per cluster identifier for a sub-genre and atype histogram having a third count of viewed content per clusteridentifier for a type.
 47. The user device as recited in claim 34wherein the recommendation module generates the internal recommendationslist for each of the cluster identifiers.
 48. The user device as recitedin claim 34 wherein the recommendation module determines a clusteridentifier ratio for each cluster identifier corresponding to a firstnumber of content watched for the content cluster identifier relative toa second number of total watched content, and wherein the recommendationmodule generates the internal recommendations list using the ratios andthe total number of content to be displayed.